Indian Economics for SSC Exam

Economics

1. National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) was established in?

(A) 1950

(B) 1951

(C) 1952

(D) 1947

2. Which state stands first in the length of roads in the country?

(A) U. P.

(B) M. P.

(C) Maharashtra

(D) Rajasthan

3. When was Focus Market Scheme introduced?

(A) 2003-04

(B) 2004-05

(C) 2005-06

(D) 2006-07

4. The central banking functions in India are performed by the?

I. Central Bank of India

II. Reserve Bank of India

III. State Bank of India

IV. Punjab National Bank

A. I, II

B. II

C. I

D. II, III

5. Gilt-edged market means

A. bullion market

B. market of government securities

C. market of guns

D. market of pure metals

6. In the last one decade, which one among the following sectors has attracted the highest

foreign direct investment inflows into India?

A. Chemicals other than fertilizers

B. Services sector

C. Food processing

D. Telecommunication

7. Devaluation of a currency means

A. Reduction in the value of a currency vis-a-vis major internationally traded currencies

B. Permitting the currency to seek its worth in the international market

C. Fixing the value of the currency in conjunction with the movement in the value of a basket of

pre-determined currencies

D. Fixing the value of currency in multilateral consultation with the IMF, the World Bank and

major trading partners

8. The chairman of the 13th Finance Commission is

A. Vijay L.Kelkar

B. Millen Kuamr Banerjee

C. C.Rangarajan

D. C.K.Jaffer Sheriff

9. Decimal coinage was introduced in India in the year

A. 1850

B. 1957

C. 1955

D. 1960

10. The Tenth Plan period was from

A. 1900–1995

B. 1992–1997

C. 2002–2007

D. 2007–2012

11. National Rural Development Institute is situated at

A. Patna

B. Shimla

C. Hyderabad

D. New Delhi

12. Who introduced cooperative society in India?

A. Lord Curzon

B. Lord Wavell

C. Lord Rippon

D. Lord Cornwallis

13. Which Indian got Nobel Prize for Economics?

A. Khorana

B. C.V.Raman

C. Teressa

D. Amarthiya Sen

14. The Headquarter of RBI is in

A. Delhi

B. Nasik

C. Mumbai

D. Kanpur

15. National Income estimates in India is prepared by

A. RBI

B. C.S.O.

C. Finance Ministry

D. Planning Commission

16. Dalal street is situated at

A. Paris

B. Mumbai

C. London

D. New Delhi

17. On July 12, 1982, the ARDC was merged into

A. RBI

B. NABARD

C. EXIM Bank

D. None of the above

18. The first wholly Indian Bank was set up in

A. 1794 

B. 1894

C. 1896 

D. 1902

19. Which of the following is the first Indian private company to sign an accord with Government of Myanmar for oil exploration in two offshore blocks in that country?

A. Reliance Energy

B. Essar Oil

C. GAIL

D. ONGC

20. The former name of State Bank of India was

A. Central Bank of India

B. United Bank of India

C. Imperial Bank of India

D. People’s Bank of India

History for SSC Exam

Buddhism and Jainism in India

Buddhism and Jainism are two branches of the sramana tradition that still exist today. Jainism and Buddhism share many features, including much of the same terminology.

Jainism has historically been largely confined to India, whereas Buddhism originated in India but subsequently flourished in other Asian countries.

BUDDHISM IN INDIA

•     Born in 563 BC on the Vaishakha Poornima Day at Lumbini (near Kapilavastu) in Nepal.

•     His father Suddhodana was the Saka ruler.

•     His mother (Mahamaya, of Kosala dynasty) died after 7 days of his birth. Brought up by stepmother Gautami.

•     Married at 16 to Yoshodhara. Enjoyed the married life for 13 years and had a        son named Rahula.

•     Left his palace at 29 (with Channa, the charioteer and his favourite horse, Kanthaka) in search of truth (also called ‘Mahabhinishkramana’ or The Great Renunciation) and wandered for 6 years.

•     Attained ‘Nirvana’ or ‘Enlightenment’ at 35 at Gaya in Magadha (Bihar) under the Pipal tree.

•     Delivered the first sermon at Sarnath where his five disciples had settled. His first sermon is called ‘Dharmachakrapravartan’ or ‘Turning of the Wheel of Law’.

•     Attained Mahaparinirvana at Kushinagar (identical with village Kasia in Deoria district of UP) in 483 BC at the age  of 80 in the Malla republic.

Buddhist Councils:

•     The monks gathered 4 times after the death of Buddha and the effect of these events had their effect on Buddhism.

•     First Council : At Rajgriha, in 483 BC under the chairman ship of Mehakassaapa (King was Ajatshatru). Divided the teachings of Buddha into two Pitakas – Vihaya Pitaka and Sutta Pitaka. Upali recited the Vinaya Pitaka and Ananda recited the Sutta Pitaka.

•     Second Council : At Vaishali, in 383 BC under Sabakami (King was Kalasoka). Followers divided into Sthavirmadins and Mahasanghikas.

•     Third Council : At Pataliputra, in 250 BC under Mogaliputta Tissa (King was Ashoka). In this, the third part of the Tripitaka was coded in the Pali language.

•     Fourth Council : At Kashmir (Kundalvan), in 72 AD under Vasumitra (King was Kanishka). Vice-Chairman was Ashwaghosha). Divided Buddhism into Mahayana and Hinayana sects.

Buddhist Literature : 

•     Buddhist scriptures in Pali are commonly referred to as Tripitakas, ie ‘Threefold Basket’.

•     Vinaya Pitaka : Rules of discipline in Buddhist monasteries.

•     Sutta Pitaka : Largest, contains collection of Buddha’s sermons.

•     Abhidhamma Pitaka : Explanation of the philosophical principles of the Buddhist religion.

JAINISM IN INDIA

•     Founded by Rishabhanath.

•     There were 24 tirthankaras (Prophetsor Gurus), all Kshatriyas.

•     First was Rishabhanath (Emblem: Bull).

•     The 23rd Tirthankar Parshwanath (Emblem: Snake) was the son of King Ashvasena of Banaras. His main teachings were: Non-injury, Non-lying, Non-stealing, Non-possession.

•     The 24th and the last Tirthankar was Vardhman Mahavira (Emblem: Lion).

Vardhman Mahavira History :

•       He was born in Kundagram (Distt Muzafffarpur, Bihar) in 599 BC.

•       His father Siddhartha was the head of Jnatrika clan. His mother was Trishla, sister of Lichchavi Prince Chetak of Vaishali.

•       Mahavira was related to Bimbisara.

•       Married to Yashoda, had a daughter named Priyadarsena, whose husband Jamali became his first disciple.

•       At 30, after the death of his parents, he became an ascetic.

•       In the 13th year of his asceticism (on the 10th of Vaishakha), outside the town of Jrimbhikgrama, he attained supreme knowledge (Kaivalya).

•       From now on he was called Jaina or Jitendriya and Mahavira, and his followers were named Jains. He also got the title of Arihant, i.e., worthy.

•       At the age of 72, he attained death at Pava, near Patna, in 527 BC.

•       Note: In Jainism, three Ratnas (Triratnas) are given and they are called the way to Nirvana. They are Right Faith, Right Knowledge and Right Conduct.

History of Jain Councils :

•     First Council : Held at Pataliputra by Sthulabhadra in the beginning of third century BC. It resulted in the compilation of 12 Angas to replace 14 Purvas.

•     Second Council : It was held at Vallabhi (Gujarat) in the fifth century AD under the leadership of Devridhigani.

Indian Polity for SSC Exam

ATTORNEY GENERAL OF INDIA

The Attorney General of India is the first law officer of the government of India.

Appointment of Attorney General of India {Article 76(1)}

The Article 76(1) states that the Attorney General of India is appointed by the President. In order to be appointed as the Attorney General a person must be qualified to be appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court.

Duties of Attorney General of India:

(1) To give advice to the Government of India on legal matters.

(2) To perform other legal duties that are referred or assigned to him by the President.

(3) To discharge functions conferred on him by the Constitution or any other law.

Also

In the performance of his duties the Attorney General of India shall have the right of audience in all the courts in India.

• He is also entitled to take part in the proceedings of the Parliament and the Parliamentary Committees without the right to vote.
• He represents the Union and the States before the courts but is also allowed to take up private practice provided the other party is not the State. Because of this Attorney General of India is not paid salary but a retainer to be determined by the President.
• He gets retainer equivalent to the salary of a Judge of the Supreme Court.
• Appointment of Attorney General of India is a political appointment and therefore, whenever there is a change in the party in power the Attorney General of India resigns from his post to enable the new Government to appoint a nominee of its choice. 
• The Attorney General is assisted by two Solicitors-General and 4 Additional Solicitors-General.

List of Attorneys General for India

Attorney General	Term
M. C. Setalvad (Longest Tenure)	28 January 1950 – 1 March 1963
C.K.Daphtary	2 March 1963 – 30 October 1968
Niren De	1 November 1968 – 31 March 1977
S.V. Gupte	1 April 1977 – 8 August 1979
L.N. Sinha	9 August 1979 – 8 August 1983
K. Parasaran	9 August 1983 – 8 December 1989
Soli Sorabjee (Shortest Tenure)	9 December 1989 – 2 December 1990
G. Ramaswamy	3 December 1990 – 23 November 1992
Milon K. Banerji	21 November 1992 – 8 July 1996
Ashok Desai	9 July 1996 – 6 April 1998
Soli Sorabjee	7 April 1998 – 4 June 2004
Milon K. Banerji	5 June 2004 – 7 June 2009
GoolamEssajiVahanvati	8 June 2009 – 11 June 2014
MukulRohatgi	12 June 2014 – 11 June 2017 (Incumbent)

English for SSC Exam

All About Auxiliary Verb

Auxiliary Verb

Auxiliary literally means giving help, So an auxiliary verb is one that helps the main verb form in tenses, moods, voices etc. The following verbs are auxiliaries: is, are, am, was, were, be, can, could, dare, do, does, did, have, has, had, may, might, must, need, ought, shall, should, will, would, used to.

1.May implies permission, doubt or possibility.

Ex. May I come in? (permission)

It may rain tonight. (possibility)

2.Might is the past form of “may” and it implies more doubt than “may”.

Ex. If the clouds are salted, the rains might come.

3.Can is used to express ability.

Ex. He can do the work.

4.Could is the past form of can but it does not necessarily represent past time. Often it implies a more uncertain condition.

Ex. He could refuse, but she never does.

5.Should expresses the idea that something must be done or is important.

Should and ought to have similar meanings, but ought is followed by “to” “Ought to” has a more objective force and is used when we are talking about laws, duties and regulations.

Ex. We ought to see her tomorrow.

6. Must is used to give strong advice or orders.

Ex. He really must stop drinking.

7. Do is used to make question and negative forms of ordinary verbs.

Ex. Do you know him?

I don’t like swimming.

“Do” is always used in question-tags.

Ex. You know painting, do you?

English for SSC Exam

 Vocabulary

Word: Temperate – संयमी Synonyms : Moderate, Sedate Antonyms: Immoderate, Rigid Example: A temperate person controls his senses.

Word: Triumph – विजय Synonyms : Bold, Courageous Example:  Ashish returned home in Triumph after winning the tennis tournament.

Word: Unscrupulous- बेशरम, नीतिज्ञानहीन Synonyms : Dishonest, Unprincipled Antonyms: Particular, Honest Example: Unscrupulous politicos are happy to sell their country to gain power.

Word: Utility- उपयोगिता, लाभ Synonyms : Advantage, Avail Antonyms: Uselessness, Futility Example: A computer system provides utility programs to perform the tasks needed by most users.

Word: Vandalism – क्रूरता Synonyms : Barbarism, ruin Antonyms: Prosperity, Integrity

Word: Veracity – सच्चाई Synonyms : Truth, Credibility Antonyms: Falsehood, Fiction Example: Harishchandra is known for his veracity.

Word: Vicious- भ्रष्ट Synonyms : Corrupt, Base Antonyms: Pure, Perfect Example: Veer was a vicious person.

Word: Whirl – चक्कर Synonyms : Rotate, Spin Antonyms: Straight Example: The dancers went round in a whirl of color.

Word: Wrathful – क्रुद्ध Synonyms : Angry, Enraged Antonyms: Calm, Pleased

Word: Weary – थका Synonyms : Tired, Fatigued Antonyms: Fresh, Renovated Example: The boy was wearied of pedaling the cycle.