National flag
·
It was adopted by
constitute assembly of India on July 22, 1947.
·
A tricolour flag
was first accepted by the Indian national congress in 1931, having charkha in
place of today’s chakra.
·
It is a
horizontal tricolor of deep saffron at top (stands for courage, sacrifice and
renunciation ), white at middle ( shows truth and purity in thoughts), dark
green at the bottom (symbol of life abundance and prosperity )
·
A wheel (chakra)
in centre of the white strip is the symbol of progress and movement. It has 24
spokes.
National Emblem
·
It is adopted
from the sarnath lion capital of Asoka on January 26, 1950.
·
In this emblem,
only three lions are visible, the fourth lion being hidden from view. The wheel
appears in relief in the centre of the abacus with a bull on right and a
horse on left. The bell shaped lotus (as in the original) has been omitted.
·
The words
Satyameva Jayate are inscribed below the abacus in Devanagri script. These
words are taken from Mundaka Upanishad
National Anthem
·
The song Jana gana mana is the national anthem
of India which was composed originally in Bengali.
·
It was adopted by
constitute assembly on January 24, 1950 in its Hindi version.
·
The song Jana
gana mana was first published in January, 1912 under the title ‘Bharat Vidhta’ in Tattva Bodhini Patrika
.
·
The song was
translated in English in 1919 with the title “Morning song of India”
·
It was first sung
at the Calcutta session of congress on December 27, 1911.
·
Playing time of
full version of national anthem is 52 seconds while it is 20 seconds for first
and last lines of the stanza.
National song
·
“Vande Mataram” is the national song of India,
Chatterji, originally in Sanskrit.
·
It was adopted on
January 24, 1950 providing it equal status with national anthem Jana gana mana.
·
It is taken from
his novel Anand Math published in
1882. Its English translation was done by sri Aurobindo.
·
It was sung for
the first time at the congress session of 1896.
National Calendar
·
National calendar
is based on Saka era (began on 78 A.D. ) with Chaitra as its first month with a
normal year of 365 days adopted from march 22 normally and on march 21 in leap
year.
·
National Animal
·
The tiger
(Panthera Tigris) is the national Animal of India. It has a thick yellow coat
of fur with dark stripes.
·
Lion was the
national animal of India till 1972. Later on, it was replaced by tiger.
Official Publication of difference
countries / organizations
Publication
Issued / Released by
Blue Book …………………………………………Report by
the British government
Green Book…………………………………………….
Government of Italy and Iran
Grey Book……………………………………………….Japanese
and Belgium Government
Orange Book……………………………………………Government of the Netherlands
White Book……………………………………Official
publication of Germany, Portugal and China
White Paper (Shwet Patrika)
………………………… issued by the Government of France
Yellow Book ……………………………………………Issued
by the Government of France
Economic Survey ……………………………………...Ministry
of Finance (Government of India)
Report on Currency and Finance
……………………. Reserve Bank of India
Wholesale Price Index
………………………………. Ministry of Industry
National Accounts Statistics ………………………….Central
Statistical Organization
National Emblems
Country
Emblem
India
………………………………………………………………… Sarnath Lion Capital
Australia …………………………………………………………………………..Kangaroo
Bangladesh ………………………………………………………………………Water Lily
Canada ……………………………………………………………………………White
Lily
Denmark ……………………………………………………………………………..
Beach
France …………………………………………………………………………………
Lily
Germany………………………………………………………………………. Corn
Flower
Iran ……………………………………………………………………………………Rose
Ireland …………………………………………………………………………..Sham Rock
Italy ………………………………………………………………………………
White Lily
Japan …………………………………………………………………….
Chrysanthemum
Pakistan ……………………………………………………………………………
Crescent
Spain …………………………………………………………………………………
Eagle
Sri Lanka ……………………………………………………………………..
Sword &Lion
Russia ………………………………………………………………. Sickle and
Hammer
United Kingdom ……………………………………………………………………..
Rose
USA …………………………………………………………………………….. Golden
Rod
New Zealand………………………………………………………………….
Silver Fern
Significance of signs and symbols
Symbol
Meaning
Red triangle
…………………………………………………… Family planning
Red Cross ……………………………………………………..
Hospital /Ambulance
Red Light ………………………………………………………Danger / Emergency
Green Light …………………………………………………...
Line clear signal
Olive branch …………………………………………………....peace
Dove …………………………………………………...………
Peace
Black arm band ………….. …………………………………...sign of mourning / protest
Black flag ……………………………………………………..Demonstration
of protest
Red flag ……………………………………………………….Sign
of danger, revolution
Yellow flag …………Displayed by ship with
infectious disease on board or ship in quarantine
White flag ……………………………………………………..Truce
Tricolour ………………………………………………….…...National
flag of India
Union jack …………………………………………………….National
Flag of UK
Lotus ……………………………………………………….…Culture
and civilization
Wheel …………………………………………………………Progress
Flag Flown upside down ……………………………….……..Distress
A blind- folded woman holding a balance
…………………….Justice
Country Symbols
Country Symbol
India …………… Royal Bengal tiger Australia
…………….. Golden wattle Flower
South Africa ………. Blue crane China ………………………………Dragon
Denmark ……… Beach Tree Russia …………………… ……..Brown Bear
Colombia ……………. Orchid USA …………………………Bald Eagle
Canada ………………. Maple Leaf Spain …………………... Red carnation
Greece …………….. Olive Branch Japan ……………………… Cherry blossom
England……………… Rose
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