Indian Dances
·
Rig Veda refers
to nritya (dances) and dancers.
·
Natyashastra gave
complete details about techniques and forms of dances.
Indian Classical Dances
1.
Bharatnatyam (Tamil Nadu)
·
Bharatnatyam is a classical dance form
originating from Tamil Nadu. Bharatnatyam is thought to have been created by
Bharata Muni. Who wrote the Natyashatra.
·
In ancient times it was performed as dasiattam
by mandir (Hindu temple) devadasis.
·
Bharatnatyam has three distinct elements to it
viz. nritta (rhythmic dance movements), natya (mime, or dance with a dramatic
aspect), and nritya (combination of nritta and natya).
·
Bharatnatyam is considered to be a firedance.
·
The music of Bharatnatyam is of carnatic style.
·
Noted artists of Bharatnatyam is of carnatic
style.
·
Noted artists of Bharatnatyam are Rukmini Devi,
Mrinalini Sarabhai, Yamini Krishnamurthy, Vaijantimala, Sonal Man Singh,
Sanyukta Panigrahi, Bala saraswati, C.V. Chandrashekhar, Leela Samson, Padma
Subramanyam.
2.
Kathkali (Kerala)
·
Kathakali is a form of Indian dance- drama. It
originated in kerala during the 17th century. Kathakali shares a lot
of similarities toboth Ramanattom and krishnanattom .
·
Kathkali name is derived from the Malayalam
words katha (meaning story) and kali (meaning play). It is considered to be a
combination of five elements of fine art viz. natyam (expressions), nritham
9dance), nrithyam (enactment), geetha (song/vocal accompaniment) and vadyam
(Instrument accompaniment).
·
The language of the songs used for Kathkali is a
mix of Malayalam and Sanskrit called Manipravaalam.
·
It is dramatic rather than narrative in nature.
·
It is the most refined and scientific dance form
of Kerala.
·
It combines music, poetry, mime and drama.
·
It takes Hindu mythological themes.
·
Noted artists are ragini Devi, Shanta Rao, Rita
Ganguly, Krishna Nair, Gopinath Raghvan.
3.
Kathak (North India)
·
Kathak is one of
the classical dance forms originally from North India. It is a narrative dance
form.
·
Kathak performers
today generally draw their lineage from three major schools of kathak viz. the
jaipur gharana (born in the courts of the Kachwaha Rajput kings, the Nawab of
Awadh, and Varansi respectively)
·
The term kathak
is derived from katha (story teller).
·
It was originally
a temple dance and became court dance under the muslim rulers.
·
Noted artists are
Birju Maharaj, Uma Sharma, Sitara Devi, Binda Din Maharaj, Aachan Durgadas,
Gopi Krishna, Kumidin Lakhia and Sambhu Maharaj.
4.
Maniopuri (Manipur)
·
Noted artists are Guru Bipin Sharma, Jhaveri
Sisters, T. Nadi Singh, Charu Malhar, Nirmala Mehta, Savita Mehta
5.
Odissi (Orissa)
·
It is considered to be the oldest form of
classical dances.
·
Gita Govinda of Jaydeva dominates the poetical
and musical content of this dance style.
·
Noted artists are Madhvi Mudgal, Sanyukta
Panigrahi, kiran Sehgal, debaprasad Das, Dhirendra Nath Pattnaik, indani
rehman, kelucharan Mahapatra, Priyambada Mohanty, Sonal Mansingh.
6.
Kuchipudi (Andhra Pradesh)
·
Kuchipudi is a classical dance form from Andhra
Pradesh.
·
Kuchipudi is the name of a small village in the
Divi Taluq of Krishna district that borders the Bay of Bengal
·
It closely resembles to Bharatanatyam.
·
It is essentially a solo dance.
·
Noted artists are lakshmi Narayan Shastri,
Yamini Krishnamurthy, Swapna Sundari, Raja and Radha reddy, Josyula
Seetharamaiah, Vempathi China Satyam.
Folk and tribal Dances
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State
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Dance
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Assam
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Bihu, Khel Gopal, Rakhal Leela, Tabal Chongli,
Canoe, Nongkrem.
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AP
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Ghanta Mardala, burrakatha, Veedhi Natakam
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Bihar
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Jata Jatin, Chhau, Bakho, Kathaputli, Jhijhiya,
Samo Chakwa, Jatra, Karma.
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Gujarat
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Dandiya Raas, Garba, Gomph, Tippani, Bhavia,
Zeriyun.
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Haryana
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Ghumar, Phag Dance, daph, Dhamal, khoria.
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HP
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Jhora, Thali, Mahasu, Jadda
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J & K
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Rouf, Hikat, Damali.
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Karnataka
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Yakshagana, Huttari
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Kerala
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Kaikottikali, Kaliyattam, tappatikkali
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MP
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Macch, Ghero, Gafa, Katha-Keertan.
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Maharashtra
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Lezim, Tamasha, Lavni
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Punjab
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Giddha (women), Bhangra (men), naqual, Bhand.
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Rajasthan
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Suisini, Chakri, terahtaal, Ginad, Khyal,
Gangore, Goomer
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Tamil Nadu
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Kolattam, Pinnal, Karagam
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Up
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Jhora, Kajri, Karan, Noutanki, Chappeli,
Raasleela & Ramleela
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WB
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Kahi, Jatra.
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7.
Mohiniattam (kerala)
·
Mohiniattam is a
traditional south Indian dance form from kerala.
·
It is a very
graceful dance meant to be performed as a solo recital by women.
8.
Sattriya (Assam)
·
Sattriya dance is
lesser known classical dance form of Assam.
·
It was emerged as
a medium of propagating Bhakti.
·
The contenet of
Sattriya nritya has usually been mythological stories. Traditionally, Sattriya
dance is performed by bhokots (male
monks) in monasteries as part of their daily rituals or special festivals.
Dance related of Tribes
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Dances
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Tribes
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Bamboo dance
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Kuki, Nagas
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Cheria
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Muria of Bastar
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Dugla
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Bhil (Men)
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Gonchoo
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Gonds
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Jadur
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Bhumiya (Mayurbhanj)
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Sarhal
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Oraons (Bihar)
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INIDAN CINEMA
·
Dhundiraj Govind
(Dadasaheb) Phalke’s silent feature film, Raja Harishchandra released at
coronation theatre in 1913, was first indigenous features film of india.
·
Dadasaheb Phalke
is known as father of Indian Cinema. The highest National Film Award is named
after him.
·
Ardeshir Irani in
1931, released first full length talkie film Alam Ara at Majestic Cinema,
Mumbai. Master Vithal was the first talkie hero.
·
Zubeida was the
heroin; Prithviraj was the villain; W.M. Khan was the singer and Firoz Shah
Mistry and B. irani were the first music directors.
·
Mrs. Devika rani
Roerich was the first person to receive Dada Saheb Phalke Award.
·
Satyajit ray won
special Academy Award (Oscar) for life time achievement in 1992.
·
Asha Bhasle
(winner of 2002 Phalke award) has recorded songs in english with singers like
boy George and has sung over 12,000 songs in all Indians languages.
INDIAN MUSIC
·
The Indian music
is mainly of two types viz. Hindustani and Carnatic.
·
The Indian mmusic
moves circular and is based on melody while the western music is linear and
based on harmony.
·
Forms of
Hindustani music are Dhrupad , Dhamar khayal, Tappa, Qawwali, Dadra and Gazal.
·
Forms of Carnatic
music are varnam, Kriti, Ragamalika, Thilana, javali Padam & Slokam.
Important instrument Players
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Instrument
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Player
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Sitar
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Invented by Amir Khusrau; Nikhil Banerji, Pt.
RaviShankar, Vilayat Khan, Hara Shankar Bhattacharya, Devbrat Choudhary
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Tabla
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Allah Rakha Khan, Kishan Maharaj, Nikhil Ghosh,
Zakir Hussain, Shaafal Ahmed Khan
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Sarod
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Ali Akbar Khan, Allauddin Khan, Amjad Ali Khan,
Buddhadev Dasgupta, Bahadur Khan, Sharan Rani, Zarin S. Sharma.
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Violin
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Baluswamy Dikshitar, Gujanan rao Joshi, Lalgudi
G. Jayaraman, M.S. Gopala-krishnan, Mysore T. Chowdiah, T.N. Krishnan, l.
Subramaniam
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Santoor
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Pt. Shiv Kumar Sharma
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Shehnai
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Ustad Bismillah Khan
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Flute
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Pt. Hari Prasad Chaurasiya, Pannalal Gose, T.R.
Mahalingam
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Veena
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K.R. Kumaraswami lyer, Doraiswamy lyengar
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Dhrupad
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Haridas swami
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Mandolin
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V. Srinivas
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MINISTRY OF CULTURE
Lalit kala Akademi
·
It was established at New delhi in, 1954 to
promote and propagate understanding of Indian Art within and outside the
country.
·
The akademi has regional centres called
Rashtriya Lalit Kala Kendras at Lucknow,
Kolkata, Chennai, Garhi in New Delhi and Bhubaneshwar with workshop facilities
in painting, sculpture print making and ceramics.
Sangeet Natak Akademi
·
India’s national academy for music, dance and
drama is the first National Academy of the arts set-up by the Republic of
India. It was created by a resolution of the (then) Ministry of Education, Government
of India notified in the Gazette of India of June 1952. The Akademi became
functional in 1953. Dr. P.V. Rajamannar was appointed as its first chairman.
·
In 1961, the Sangeet Natak Akademi was
reconstituted by the government as a society and registered under the Society
and registered under the Societies Registration Act of 1860. It is the apex
body specializing in the performing arts of the country.
·
The UNESCO declared Kuttiyattam Sanskrit Theatre
of kerala as Master piece of oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity in May
2001
·
Lalgudi G. Jayaraman, Shree Ram Lagoo, Yamini
Krishnamurthy, Kamlesh Dutt Tripathi, Pandit Jasraj and Kishori Amonkar were
chosen as the fellow of the Akademi for 2009.
National School of Drama
·
It was set up by Sangeet Natak Akademi in 1959.
Later in 1975 it became an autonomous organization, totally financed by
Ministry of Culture.
·
Only 20 students are admitted to the course
every year.
·
The first ever National theatre Festivals
Christened Bharat Rang Mahotsav was held from March 18 to April 14, 1999.
Sahitya
Akademi
·
It is “The Indian National Academy of Letters”,
meant to promote the cause kof Indian Literature.
·
It was founded in March 1954 as an autonomous
body fully funded by the department of Culture.
·
The Academy has recognized 24 languages.
·
In 2004-05, Academy has celebrated its Golden
Jubilee.
·
The highest honour conferred by the Academy on a
writer is by electing him its fellow.
·
Institute of Historical research is situated in
Kolkata.
·
Anita desai (English Novelist), Ravindra Kelekar
(Konkani writer) and Kartar Singh Duggal (Punjabi writer) were awarded by
Sahitya Akademi Fellowship for 2007.
Zonal Cultural Centers
1. North
Central Zone Cultural Centre, Allahabad
2. North
East Zone Cultural Centre, Dimapur
3. South
Central Zone Culture Centre, Nagpur
4. South
Zone Culture Centre, Thanjavur( rice bowl of T.N.)
5. West
Zone Cultural Centre, Udaipur
6. North
Zone Culture Centre, Patiala
7. East
Zone Cultural Centre, Kolkata
Archaeological Survey of India
·
It was established in 1861 and functiona as an
attached office of the Ministry of Culture.
·
Major activities are maintenance, Conservation
and preservation of centrally protected monuments.
·
At present there are 3656 centrally protected
monuments of national importance which includes 23 monuments of national
importance which includes 23 monuments that are inscribed on the World Heritage
List by UNESCO.
·
Currently there are 28 world heritage properties
in India out of which 23 are cultural properties and 5 are natural properties.
Museums
·
National Museum was established on August 15,
1949 in the Darbar Hall of the Rashtrapati
Bhawan.
·
National council of Science Museums, Kolakata
has set up Rajiv Gandhi Science centre at Mauritius and a similar project is
being taken in Nepal.
·
AllahabadMuseum founded in 1931 is famous for
collection of Bharhut, bumara and Jamsot sculptures and for the terracotta.
·
The National Research Laboratory for
conservation of cultural property is in Lucknow.
·
The National Gallery of Modern Art (NGMA) was
founded in 1954. NGMA, Mumbai was inaugurated in 1996 while a new one is being
set up at Bengaluru.
·
The Salar jung Museum, was established in 1951
at Hyderabad.
·
Institute of Histrocal Research is situated in
Kolkata.
National Archives of India (NAI)
·
The National Archives of India, New Delhi known
until Independence as imperial Record Department was originally established in
Kolkata on March 11, 1891.
·
It is the official custodian of all non current
records of permanent value to the Government of India and its predecessor bodies.
·
It has a regional office at Bhopal and three
record centres at Bhubaneshwar, Jaipur and Puducherry.
Libraries
Under the delivery
of Books and News Papers (Public Libraries) Act, 1954, four libraries are
entitled to receive a copy of new books and magazines published in the country.
These are the National Library, Kolkata; State Central Library, Mumbai;
Connemara Public Library, Chennai and Delhi Public Library, Delhi.
Library
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Central
Reference Library
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Kolkata
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Raza
Library
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Rampur
(UP)
|
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Khuda
Baksh Oriental Public Library
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Patna
|
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Maharaja
Serfoji’s Saraswati Mahal Library
|
Thanjavur
|
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Central
Secretariat Library
|
New
Delhi
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