SSC CGL/CHSL 2015

National Symbols

National flag

·         It was adopted by constitute assembly of India on July 22, 1947.

·         A tricolour flag was first accepted by the Indian national congress in 1931, having charkha in place of today’s chakra.

·         It is a horizontal tricolor of deep saffron at top (stands for courage, sacrifice and renunciation ), white at middle ( shows truth and purity in thoughts), dark green at the bottom (symbol of life abundance and prosperity )

·         A wheel (chakra) in centre of the white strip is the symbol of progress and movement. It has 24 spokes.

National Emblem

·         It is adopted from the sarnath lion capital of Asoka on January 26, 1950.

·         In this emblem, only three lions are visible, the fourth lion being hidden from view. The wheel appears in relief in the centre of the abacus with a bull on right and a horse on left. The bell shaped lotus (as in the original) has been omitted.

·         The words Satyameva Jayate are inscribed below the abacus in Devanagri script. These words are taken from Mundaka Upanishad

National Anthem

·         The song Jana gana mana is the national anthem of India which was composed originally in Bengali.

·         It was adopted by constitute assembly on January 24, 1950 in its Hindi version.

·         The song Jana gana mana was first published in January, 1912 under the title ‘Bharat Vidhta’ in Tattva Bodhini Patrika .

·         The song was translated in English in 1919 with the title “Morning song of India”

·         It was first sung at the Calcutta session of congress on December 27, 1911.

·         Playing time of full version of national anthem is 52 seconds while it is 20 seconds for first and last lines of the stanza.

National song

·         “Vande Mataram” is the national song of India, Chatterji, originally in Sanskrit.

·         It was adopted on January 24, 1950 providing it equal status with national anthem Jana gana mana.

·         It is taken from his novel Anand Math published in 1882. Its English translation was done by sri Aurobindo.

·         It was sung for the first time at the congress session of 1896.

National Calendar

·         National calendar is based on Saka era (began on 78 A.D. ) with Chaitra as its first month with a normal year of 365 days adopted from march 22 normally and on march 21 in leap year.

·         National Animal

·         The tiger (Panthera Tigris) is the national Animal of India. It has a thick yellow coat of fur with dark stripes.

·         Lion was the national animal of India till 1972. Later on, it was replaced by tiger.