Reasoning for Competitive Exam

Reasoning (Syllogism)

Directions (Q. 1-20): In each question below there are three statements followed by four conclusions numbered, I, II, III and IV. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

1. Statements:

a. No Cloud is Bird.

b. Some Goats are Birds.

c. All Cars are Goats.

Conclusions:

I. No Car is Cloud.

II. Some Cars are Birds.

III. No Bird is Car.

IV. Some Clouds are Goats.

1) Only III follows

2) Only either II or III follows

3) Only I follows

4) Only I and either II or III follow

5) None of these

2. Statements:

a. All Grapes are Bananas.

b. All Potatoes are Bananas.

c. Some Bananas are Mangoes.

Conclusions:

I. No Grape is Mango.

II. Some Potatoes are not Mangoes.

III. Some Grapes are Potatoes.

IV. All Mangoes are Grapes.

1) Only I follows

2) Either I or III follows

3) Only II & III follow

4) Only I, II & III follow

5) None of these

3. Statements:

a. Some Cats are Rats.

b. Some Rats are Ants.

c. Some Ants are Flies.

Conclusions:

I. Some Flies are Cats.

II. Some Flies are not Ants.

III. No Rat is Fly.

IV. No Cat is Fly.

1) Only I & IV follow

2) Only II follows

3) Only I & III follow

4) Only I or IV follows

5) None of these

4. Statements:

a. All Chalks are Dusters

b. Some Chalks are Boards.

c. Some Dusters are Pens.

Conclusions:

I. Some Pens are Chalks.

II. Some Dusters are Boards.

III. Some Pens are Boards.

IV. All Chalks are Pens.

1) Either I or IV follows

2) Only II & III follow

3) Either I or IV & II follow

4) Only II follows

5) None of these

5. Statements:

a. Some Bags are Books.

b. All Books are Boxes.

c. No Box is Board.

Conclusions:

I. Some Bags are not Boards.

II. Some Bags are not Boxes.

III. All Bags are Boxes.

IV. No Bag is Board.

1) Only I follows

2) I & either II or III follow

3) Only IV follows

4) Only II follows

5) None of these

6. Statements:

Some streets are roads.

Some roads are lanes.

Some lanes are highways.

Conclusions:

I. Some roads are not streets.

II. No highway is street.

III. Some streets are not roads.

IV. Some lanes are not roads.

1) Only III follows

2) Only IV and III follow

3) Either I or III follows

4) Both I and III follow

5) None of these

7. Statements:

Some pencils are pens.

All pens are erasers.

All staplers are erasers.

Conclusions:

I. Some pens are not pencils.

II. All erasers are pencils.

III. Some staplers are pens.

IV. Some staplers are pencils.

1) Only I follows

2) Only II follows

3) Only III follows

4) Only IV follows

5) None of these

8. Statements:

Some tables are chairs.

No cupboard is table.

Some chairs are cupboards.

Conclusions:

I. Some chairs are not tables.

II. All chairs are either tables or cupboard

III. Some chairs are both tables and cupboards.

IV. All chairs are tables.

1) Only I and IV follow

2) Only either II or III follow

3) Only IV follows

4) Either II or III & I follow

5) None of these

9. Statements:

All birds are animals.

Some animals are humans.

All humans are mammals.

Conclusions:

I. Some humans are not birds.

II. Some birds are humans.

III. Some animals are not mammals.

IV. All animals are mammals.

1) Only I and II follow

2) Either III or IV follows

3) Either I or II follows

4) Either I or II and either III or IV follow

5) None of these

10. Statements:

Some leaves are fruits.

All branches are fruits.

Some roots are branches

Conclusions:

I. Some roots are fruits.

II. Some branches are leaves.

III. No leaf is branch.

IV. Some leaves are roots.

1) Either II or III and I follow

2) Only I follows

3) Only either II or III follows

4) Only I and III follow

5) None of these

11. Statements:

All books are notes.

Some notes are pencils.

No pencil is paper.

Conclusions:

I. Some notes are books.

II. Some pencils are books.

III. Some books are papers.

IV. No book is a paper.

1) Only I follows

2) Only I and either III or IV follow

3) Either III or IV follows

4) Only I and III follow

5) None of these

12. Statements:

Some cups are utensils.

No utensil is a bucket.

All buckets are plates.

Conclusions:

I. Some cups are buckets.

II. Some utensils are plates.

III. No utensil is a plate.

IV. Some cups are plates.

1) Only I follows

2) Only III follows

3) Either II or III follows

4) Either III or IV follows

5) None of these

13. Statements:

Some keys are locks.

All locks are doors.

Some doors are windows.

Conclusions:

I. Some locks are windows.

II. Some windows are keys.

III. Some windows are doors.

IV. No window is a lock.

1) Either I or IV follows

2) Only II follows

3) Only III and IV follow

4) None follows

5) None of these

14. Statements:

All pins are staplers.

Some staplers are sharpeners.

Some sharpeners are stands.

Conclusions:

I. Some staplers are stands.

II. Some sharpeners are pins.

III. Some pins are stands.

IV. Some stands are sharpeners.

1) Only I and II follow

2) Only II and IV follow

3) Only III follows

4) Only IV follows

5) None of these

15. Statements:

15. Statements:

Some oranges are apples.

All apples are guavas.

No guava is a banana.

Conclusions:

I. Some guavas are oranges.

II. No apple is a banana.

III. Some oranges are bananas.

IV. Some apples are bananas.

1) Only I and II follow

2) Only I and either II or IV follow

3) Only I, II and IV follow

4) Only III and either II or IV follow

5) None of these

16. Statements:

Some spectacles are boxes.

No bat is a ball.

Some boxes are balls.

Conclusions:

I. Some boxes are not bats.

II. Some bats are spectacles.

III. No bat is a box.

IV. No ball is a spectacle.

1) Only I follows

2) Only 1 & III follow

3) Only II and III follow

4) Only IV follows

5) None of these

17. Statements:

All fans are tubelights.

No pen is a bulb.

Some bulbs are fans.

Conclusions:

I. Some pens are tubelights.

II. No pens are tubelights.

III. Some tubelights are fans.

IV. All tubelights are fans.

1) Only I and II follow

2) Only I, II and III follow

3) Either I or II and III follow

4) Only III and IV follow

5) None of these

18. Statements:

Some fruits are vegetables.

All liquids are drinks.

All drinks are fruits.

Conclusions:

I. Some drinks are vegetables.

II. Some fruits are liquids.

III. All liquids are fruits.

IV. No liquids are vegetables.

1) Only I and II follow

2) Only II and III follow

3) Only III and IV follow

4) Only I, II & III follow

5) None of these

19. Statements:

All shirts are trousers.

Some socks are shoes.

All shoes are shirts.

Conclusions:

I. Some socks are shirts.

II. Some socks are trousers.

III. All shoes are trousers.

IV. All shoes are socks.

1) Only I and II follow

2) Only I or II or III follows

3) Only II and IV follow

4) Only III and IV follow

5) None of these

20. Statements:

Some books are papers.

All plates are records.

Some records are books.

Conclusions:

I. Some plates are books.

II. Some records are papers.

III. Some papers are plates.

IV. Some books are records.

1) Only I follows

2) Only II and III follow

3) Only I and III follow

4) Only IV follows

5) None of these

1. 2

2. 5

3. 4

4. 4

5. 2

6. 5

7. 5

8. 5

9. 4

10. 1

11. 2

12. 3

13. 5

14. 4

15. 1

16. 1

17. 3

18. 2

19. 5

20. 4